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U.S.-China Relations

Fentanyl crisis fuels U.S.-China trade war

  • Fentanyl, a potent synthetic opioid drug used to treat severe pain, but its spillover into the illegal drugs trade has caused serious social problems for the U.S., resulting in tens of thousands of deaths each year in the past decade.
  • China is the main source of chemical precursors used by Mexican cartels and Canadian drug labs to produce fentanyl, and Chinese money launderers have become key players in the international drug trade.
  • U.S. President Donald Trump, on February 1, announced a 25% tariff on all imports from Mexico and Canada, and 10% on all Chinese-made goods, blaming the three countries for “not doing enough to stop the flow of fentanyl into U.S. markets.”
  • The tariffs on Mexico and Canada were put on hold for 30 days, but those on China took effect on February 4, as scheduled. China called fentanyl “America’s problem” and hit back with a series of retaliatory measures.

News in this package

The flags of Mexico, the United States and Canada fly in Ciudad Juarez, Mexico Feb. 1, 2025.
An illustration of the U.S. enclosed by fences, symbolizing trade barriers.
U.S. President Donald Trump attends a bilateral meeting with China's President Xi Jinping during the G20 leaders summit in Osaka, Japan, June 29, 2019.
U.S. and Chinese flags are seen in this illustration taken Jan. 8, 2025.
U.S. Senator John Kennedy holds up a bag representing fentanyl during a Senate Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Committee hearing in Washington, D.C. on Jan. 11, 2024.
Canada's Prime Minister Justin Trudeau leaves a hotel in West Palm Beach en route to meet U.S. President-elect Donald Trump at Mar-a-Lago in Palm Beach, Florida, U.S., Nov. 29, 2024.
Plastic bags of Fentanyl are displayed on a table at the U.S. Customs and Border Protection area at the International Mail Facility at O'Hare International Airport in Chicago, Illinois, U.S. Nov. 29, 2017.